基本信息
學名 Hyophila
科名 叢蘚科 Pottiaceae
屬名 濕地蘚屬 Hyophila
中文名 濕地蘚屬
中文異名
描述 屬16濕地蘚屬Hyophila Brid.Bryol. Univ. 1:760. 1827.
模式種:濕地H. javanica (Nees et Blum.)Brid.
形態特徵
植株矮小,密集叢生。莖直立,稀分枝。葉乾燥時內捲,呈長橢圓狀舌形,先端圓鈍,具小尖頭,葉邊全緣或先端具微齒;中肋粗壯,長達葉尖或稍突出;葉上部細胞小,呈方形一多邊狀圓形,具細疣或平滑;基部細胞長方形,平滑透明。雌雄異株,苞葉較小,或與葉同形。蒴柄細長,直立;孢蒴直立,長圓柱形;環帶分化,自行卷落;無蒴齒;蒴蓋圓錐形,先端有斜長喙;蒴帽兜形。孢子形小,壁平滑。
分佈
本屬約115種,主要分佈於亞熱帶至熱帶,多生於潤濕的土上及岩石上。我國現已知7種,大多數省區均有分佈,常見於蔭蔽場所之鈣質土及石上。
分種檢索表
1.葉片細胞具疣狀突起或平滑········································ ····2
1.葉片細胞具乳頭狀突起·········································· ·······3
2.葉片呈鏟形或長舌形,具無性繁殖的芽孢體························4.花狀濕地蘚H. rosea
2.葉片呈披針狀舌形,葉基長而狹;不具無性芽孢體··············7.狄葉濕地蘚fl. Stenophylla
3.葉片邊緣上半部有明顯的鋸齒······································· ··1捲葉濕地蘚fl. Involuta
3.葉邊幾乎全緣··········································· ··················4
4.葉片呈披針形.葉細胞具高出的乳頭突起···························5.四川濕地蘚H. setschwanica
4.葉片呈寬舌形或舌形,葉細胞具不明顯的乳頭突···················5
5.葉細胞壁強烈增厚,細胞幾呈圓形····································2 .濕地蘚H. javanica
5.葉細胞壁較薄,細胞呈多角狀方形····································6
6.葉基較長,葉片呈匙形;不具無性芽胞體····························6.匙葉濕地蘚H. spathulata
6.葉基較闊,葉片較短,呈卵狀舌形;具無性芽孢體·················3.芽胞濕地蘚H. propagulifera
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